TEST
1 option
1. What was least seen in early rock paintings
a) an image of a person;
b) animals.
2. What is not a wonder of the world?
a) the pyramids at Giza;
b) the Great Wall of China;
c) a statue of Zeus.
3. Girls - statues supporting the roof of the temple are called:
a) caryatids;
b) kouros;
c) Atlantis
4. What is the name of the most famous ancient Greek temple:
a) the Acropolis
b) Parthenon;
c) Ilion.
5. The Sphinx is a stone structure in the form of:
a) a lion with a human head;
b) a man with a jackal's head;
c) a cat with a human head.
6. "German chivalrous medieval poets, singers who sang love for
lady, service to god and overlord, chivalrous exploits and crusades":
a) minstrels;
b) minnesingers;
c) troubadours.
7. This architectural synthesis artistic experience antiquity and
the views of Christianity: "It is large in size: the diameter of the dome is about 32
meters, and its base ring is raised to the height of a 14-storey building (more than 40
meters)".
a) St. Sophia Cathedral in Polotsk;
b) Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.
c) St. Basil's Cathedral;
8. The art of the Middle Ages is imbued with the spirit:
a) symbolism;
b) science;
c) mythology.
9. The cultural movement of the Renaissance opposed the church ideology
Cult of Man, hence the name:
a) reformation;

b) intuitionism
c) humanism;
10. Distinctive features Renaissance:
a) the connection of culture and religion, the subordination of a person to the church;
b) imitation of antiquity, depriving a person of the right to develop his
abilities;
c) the secular nature of culture, humanism, an appeal to antiquity.
11. Of all the arts, the Renaissance especially exalted:
a) pictorial;
b) "art of the word";
c) musical.
12. Favorite subject of Renaissance painting:
A) historical events Italy 1416 centuries;
b) Madonna and Child;
c) image of the nature of Italy.
13. Main influence on art Ancient Rus' rendered:
a) the art of Western Europe;
b) the art of the Ancient East;
c) the art of Byzantium.
14. The time frame of the Renaissance:
a) 1215 century;
b) 1214 century;
c) 1316 century.
15. The heyday of stone architecture in Rus' is associated with the name of the prince:
a) Andrei Bogolyubsky;
b) Vladimir
c) Yaroslav the Wise;
16. Match the title of the work and the author:
1) "Gioconda"; a) Michelangelo
2) "Birth of Venus"; b) Botticelli;
3) "David", c) Leonardo da Vinci
17. Make pairs of columns 1 and 2, matching the name of the country and the concept
(geographical units, cultural monuments, phenomena, figures, etc.) to it
related:
a) India; 1) Tibet, Huang He, Yangtze, Confucius
b) China; 2) kimono, samurai, ikebana, tanka and haiku…
c) Japan 3) Taj Mahal, Ganges, Mahabharata, Ayurveda
18. What is the significance of the culture of Antiquity for world art?
Criteria for evaluating work:
115 tasks - 1 point
16 task 2 points
17 task 3 points
18 task 5 points

23 - 25 points - "5" excellent
17 22 points - "4" good


Intermediate certification according to MHK grade 10 (test)
This testing covers material on world artistic culture
primitive society, cultures of antiquity, middle ages, medieval
East and artistic culture Renaissance. A basic level of. On
performance of work 45 minutes.
TEST
Option 2
1. The first type of art in the history of primitive society was:
a) architecture;
b) rock art;
c) dance.
2. Which of the proposed options for architectural structures is not
refers to the Seven Wonders of the World:
a) Tower of Babel
b) Hanging Gardens of Babylon;
c) Lighthouse of Alexandria.
3. What was the name great book wisdom of the Hebrew people?
a) the New Testament;
b) the Bible;
c) the gospel.
4. Name the first architectural structures:
a) pyramids
b) ziggurats;
c) megaliths;
d) temples.
5. Where Papyrus Was Invented:
a) Egypt
b) Ancient Western Asia;
V) Ancient Greece.
6. Name the architectural structure of Ancient Rome, where
pantomime, gladiator fights took place:
a) Pantheon
b) the terms of Caracalla.
c) the Colosseum;
7. In what era did Christianity spread:
a) antiquity;
b) the Middle Ages;
c) Renaissance;
d) Enlightenment.

8. Name the sacred part of the temple:
a) apse;
b) an altar;
c) a basilica.
9. The most famous icon of Andrei Rublev:
a) Archangel Michael
b) "Apostle Paul";
c) Trinity.
10. What instrument in Rus' enjoyed special respect, its ringing
drives away death and disease:
a) harp;
b) bells;
c) pipes.
11. One of ancient types religious buildings of Buddhism is:
a) a monastery
b) pagoda;
c) stupa;
d) temple.
12. The most significant type of art in Ancient Rus' was:
a) music;
b) literature;
c) temple architecture.
13. The revival in Europe was most clearly manifested:
a) in France
b) in the Netherlands;
c) in Italy.
14. The author of the painting "Mona Lisa":
a) Botticelli
b) Raphael;
c) Leonardo da Vinci.
15. What is the name literary genre, created by T. Mor and T.
Campanella, in which they embodied the dream of a just and happy
society:
a) utopia;
b) pastoral;
c) idyll.
16. Match architectural structures and styles:
a) Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris; 1) Roman style;
b) Cathedral in Cologne; 2) Gothic style.
c) Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin;
d) St. Basil's Cathedral.
17. Establish a correspondence between the names of Renaissance artists and
titles of their works:
a) Raphael 1) "The Last Supper";
b) Leonardo da Vinci; 2) a statue of David;
c) Michelangelo Buanorotti; 3) " Sistine Madonna»;

18. What is the significance of the culture of the Renaissance for world art?
Criteria for evaluating work:
115 tasks - 1 point
16 task 2 points
17 task 3 points
18 task 5 points
The maximum number of points is 25
23 - 25 points - "5" excellent
17 22 points - "4" good
11 16 points - "3" satisfactory
Less than 10 points "2" unsatisfactory
Intermediate certification according to MHK grade 10 (test)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Option 1 a b a b a b b a c
Option 2 b a b c a c b b c
Answers
1
0
V
b
1
1
A
b
1
2
b
V
1
3
V
V
1
4
V
V
1
5
A
A
16
17
1 in
2 b
3 a
2
a, b
1 c, d
a3
b1
v2
a3
b1
v2

The Acropolis of Athens is not only the main attraction Greek capital, but also the largest archaeological site world heritage of UNESCO. He long time was under restoration, now historical monument renovated and is looking forward to guests from different corners peace. In 2009, the Acropolis Museum was officially opened.

The cultural treasure of Athens is the Acropolis of Athens, which is described in the article.

This historical monument consists of a group of unique structures erected in the 5th century BC. on the initiative of the ruler Pericles. The beautiful one was built under the guidance of the most talented architects of that era - Mnesicles, Phidias and others. The acropolis was built for the purpose of holding worship services.

The Acropolis of Athens is spread over an area of ​​3 hectares at an altitude of 156 meters above sea level. It includes the majestic temples of Athena the Victorious, Athena the Virgin, Nike, Poseidon, the magnificent Parthenon and many other buildings. Enter the Acropolis only through the gate - Propylaea.

The ancient Greeks admired the monumental Propylaion and called this majestic gate "the shining face of the acropolis". The propylion was badly damaged by the explosion of a gunpowder warehouse, which was organized in this place by Turkish soldiers.

To the right of the entrance to the Acropolis of Athens is the temple of Nike Apteros. This small building looks elegant and solemn. A sculpture of the goddess Nike was erected in the temple. According to legend, at first it was with wings, but then the locals cut them off so that Victory would always be with them. During the occupation of the Turkish conquerors, the temple was destroyed, and a fortification bastion was built from its materials. Later, from the blocks that miraculously survived, a new temple of the goddess Nike was restored.

In the northern part of the acropolis, a marble structure stands out - unique monument architecture, work classical art- Erechtheion. In ancient times, there was a place of worship for the gods. The Athenians built two temples under one roof, which were dedicated to the gods Athena and Poseidon. became known as the Erechtheion. On the east side was the temple of Athena, where stood an ancient wooden sculpture of the goddess, who, according to legend, fell from the sky. A little lower was the Temple of Poseidon.

In the Erechtheion, tourists admire the Portico of the Daughters. These are six lovely sculptures of beautiful girls that support the roof of the temple. Later they were called Caryatids, as women from small town Kariya, who were famous for their unearthly beauty, exceptional proportions. One sculpture from the Caryatids in the 19th century by permission Turkish Sultan brought to England by Lord Elgin. Famous Elgin and currently can be seen in

The highest point of the rocky hill crowns the Parthenon. This unique structure is 69.5 m long and 30.9 m wide. The building is surrounded by 46 ten-meter columns. Interior decoration The temple is not rich, because in ancient times people worshiped God near the temple without going inside. In the temple, only a sculpture of a deity was installed. In the magnificent Parthenon there was a sculpture of Athena - a twelve-meter statue, which was carved by Phidias from delicate ivory and gold. Later, this sculpture was taken by the conquerors to Constantinople.

The austere and monumental Parthenon is a unique building in terms of geometry. All columns of the Parthenon are set at a slight inclination inwards. Modern seismologists have found that this trick gives the structure an unusual stability during earthquakes. The columns of the Parthenon differ from each other in size - at the corners the columns are more voluminous in relation to the rest. The corner columns are perfectly illuminated from all sides, which visually reduces their volume.

Come to sunny Greece. Your vacation will be filled with a variety of exciting excursions that will allow you to get in touch with the main attractions of the country. Among them, the Athenian Acropolis stands out as a bright pearl. A photo against its background will allow you to stop time for a moment: bright modernity and gray-haired antiquity will merge together.

IN Soviet time almost all spheres of culture were censored. The sculptural compositions in Moscow were no exception. Even the most famous monuments embarrassed officials with their appearance. Sculptors were forced to remake them in accordance with the ideas of officials about Soviet realism. Surprisingly, one of the symbols of Moscow underwent a transformation already in the 21st century.

house upskirt

House number 17 on Tverskaya Street in Moscow was erected in 1940, crowning a sample of the Stalinist Empire style with a sculpture on the roof depicting a ballerina with a hammer and sickle in her hands. The author was Georgy Motovilov, who was considered a master of relief.

Many believed that the monument is dedicated to the Bolshoi Theater Olga Lepeshinskaya, who lived in the same house. Joseph Stalin himself tried not to miss performances with the participation of a ballerina.

However, Lepeshinskaya herself dispelled this myth: she never lived in this house, and no one sculpted a sculpture from her. Olga Vasilievna suggested that the rumors arose by the fact that during the war she was often on duty on this roof with Mikhail Gabovich, extinguishing incendiary mines dropped by the Germans.

In 1958, the monument was removed, allegedly because of its disrepair. However, the fact that they did not even try to reconstruct it gave rise to another version of the disappearance of the sculpture. According to this version, the high authorities did not like to pass under the skirt every time, so the demolition order was issued.

In the winter of 2018, 60 years after the demolition, activists approached the city authorities with the initiative to restore the sculpture of a ballerina on the rotunda of the house. This idea has not yet received active support, but there are already artists who are ready to recreate a copy, because the original of the Keeper of the “House Under the Skirt” has long been lost.

Girl with a paddle

This particular monument, created by Ivan Shadr, had nothing in common with the well-known and widely replicated in Soviet times sculpture of a heavy woman with an oar, which came out from under the chisel of Romuald Iodko. The monuments to Iodko fully met the requirements of the Soviet era, depicting a working woman. These sculptures were installed in many pioneer camps and urban recreation parks throughout the country.

Ivan Shadr carried out the order of the Moscow Central Park culture and recreation. Gorky for the manufacture of the sculpture "Girl with an oar". His “Girl” was very different from the ideas of Soviet officials about how soviet woman. The sculptor portrayed her too lively, beautiful and sexy, which was unacceptable.

A flurry of criticism fell on Ivan Shadr. Evening Moscow published a devastating article in which the sculptor was accused of erotic imagery. The oar, according to the author, was a phallic symbol, because it is inserted into the oarlock. Critics considered the chest of the sculpture erect, and the splashes of the fountain, in the center of which the sculpture was installed, were compared with the eruption of male seed.

The sculptor had to sculpt a new statue, and the original "Girl with an oar" went at his expense to Voroshilovgrad (Lugansk), where it came under shelling during the war and was destroyed. However, the Moscow sculpture installed in its place was also destroyed in 1941 during the bombing of Moscow.

Fortunately. Ivan Shadr managed to make a plaster copy of his very first sculpture, and in 1950 it was transferred to bronze. Made it in 2011 exact copy and installed in Gorky Park.

"Worker and Collective Farm Girl"

According to the idea of ​​the sculptor Vera Mukhina, the worker and collective farm woman were originally naked, they were only supposed to be slightly covered by the matter fluttering behind them.
However, the selection committee did not appreciate the artist's creative flight of thought. When viewing a smaller copy, the sculptor was warned that she would receive an order for the production of a full-scale sculpture only if she dressed her heroes. So overalls appeared on the worker, and a sundress on the collective farmer.

There were even critics who considered the hairstyle of the collective farmer too disheveled. However, there were also defenders who stood up to defend the artist's right to self-expression.

Apollo driving a quadriga at the Bolshoi Theater

During the reconstruction of the Bolshoi Theater, the sculpture decorating its pediment underwent some changes. Apollo, who rules the quadriga, acquired a fig leaf, and a laurel wreath appeared in his hand.

An interesting fact is that even in Soviet times, no one was embarrassed by the nakedness of the leader of the muses and the patron of the arts. However, the restorers insist that the fig leaf was originally in its place, but was lost. During the reconstruction, the artists only restored the historical authenticity of the sculpture by Peter Klodt.

The controversy over this has not subsided to this day. Many art connoisseurs believe that it was possible to leave the sculptural image in its already familiar form.

Fortunately, the artists themselves did not suffer in the struggle for the chastity of the monuments. Boris Iofan - a young architect, author of the project of one of the utopias of the twentieth century - " Tower of Babel» Bolsheviks, he himself fell into disgrace.

House number 17 on Tverskaya Street is famous not only for the fact that they lived within its walls famous people(such as playwright Grigory Gorin, pilot Alexander Gorgolyuk, pianist Alexander Goldenweiser and others), and that the Armenia restaurant is located on the ground floor, but also by the fact that a girl once stood on the corner of the house on the roof and, looking at the monument to Pushkin, welcomed with his hammer and sickle. The author of the sculpture soviet master Georgy Motovilov, who made a slender beauty from his wife (at least, the old-timers of the 17th house say so). According to another version, the prototype of the girl was famous ballerina Olga Lepeshinskaya (but most Moscow scholars do not believe this). One way or another, the residential building on Tverskaya was unanimously nicknamed "the house under the skirt." And they still call it that. True, that skirt on the roof is long gone.

Five years after Stalin's death, the girl was dismantled, as she began to crumble in the truest sense of the word. The concrete from which the sculpture was made gave slack and fell off in pieces right on the sidewalk.

And now, 60 years later, the inhabitants of the house united and are fighting to restore the appearance of the 17th house, returning the sculpture to its place. Not the one that is old, but quite a new one. Molded from a safer and lighter material.

CHERCHE LA FEMME

Passing by the “house under the skirt”, you involuntarily stop to read the memorial plaques. "He lived and worked in this house..." “At this place stood the Temple in the name of Holy Trinity...". "In the eighth entrance is the museum-apartment of A. B. Goldenweiser ...". Passing the archway, I find myself in the yard. And a minute later I find myself in a small trailer of guards. They were busy with important business, watching "Gentlemen of Fortune" on TV and playing cards.

Heard, of course, about this sculpture, - the men admitted. - And the fact that she began to crumble, too. But just know that this is not a ballerina. Because her skirt was almost to the toe. Where have you seen such ballerinas?

It's right. Thanks to old photographs, you can see that Motovilov's girl is not ballet tutu. Although many people call her a ballerina (apparently because of the same Lepeshinskaya).

The head of the house, Lyudmila Vasilenok, said that the campaign to return the sculpture began five years ago. When someone from local residents dragged old photo and said that the girl needs to be returned. They wrote letters to the council, the mayor's office, the city duma. But the answers were mixed. Like, it would be nice to return, but this issue needs to be considered separately. And so they came to nothing.

You have to understand that this sculpture has gone down in history, - Galina Abramova, a resident of house No. 17 on Tverskaya Street, told KP. - It is on many Soviet stamps and drawings. It was published in newspapers and magazines. This, one might say, is a symbol of Moscow. Even if she has a sickle and a hammer in her hands.

According to Abramova, a few years ago, acquaintances of the architect of the house Arkady Mordvinov were still alive, who said that the figure of a woman on the roof was molded from the wife of its creator Georgy Motovilov.

Needless to say, apartments in this building are very expensive (kopeck piece - 38 million rubles). The location obliges (to the Kremlin 10 minutes walk). In addition, the house is Stalinist. With spacious rooms. And high ceilings (3.3 meters). There are 158 apartments in the building. Shops and cafes on the ground floor.

By the way, we still live famous artists residents said. - For example, Svetlana Nemolyaeva ( People's Artist RSFSR, - approx. auth). In another entrance, muralist Sergey Ter-Grigoryan.

chat with famous actress failed, and Sergei Leonovich told KP that he did not see anything complicated in restoring the sculpture. The rotunda on which it stood has been preserved. And the figure (height - about 7 meters) can be cast from modern materials(based on plastic, for example).

The Return of the Prodigal Ballerina

Historians and bloggers have also called for the return of the sculpture. Well-known Muscovite Pavel Gnilorybov said that this issue would soon be considered at a meeting of the Council of Deputies of the Tverskoy District. And that this idea was supported in the architectural council of the capital and Moscow Committee for Architecture(more than 90% for).

We sent letters and proposals to all departments and bodies of the city, which are somehow connected with this issue, - Pavel said. - Answers are traditionally prepared for about 30 days. As they become available, I will publish them on my pages on social networks.

In an interview with Komsomolskaya Pravda, the Moscow expert explained that all restoration work should be undertaken by the city budget. In addition to the fact that the sculpture will return to the 17th house its famous appearance, it will also increase the interest of tourists in this place. Many used to make dates "upskirt". The girl met the guests of the city, who were traveling from the Belorussky railway station towards the center.

At the entrance to Minsk (immediately after the station) there were two huge towers and they have the same story, - added Gnilorybov. - In the 70s, they began to crumble from time to time. And they were restored from silumin (an alloy of aluminum with silicon - ed.). Now it is not necessary to use silumin. There are lighter materials based on plastic (hollow inside).

BY THE WAY

When the monument to Pushkin stood on Tverskoy Boulevard (across the road from where it stands now), comic lines walked around the capital: “A lady from the ballet was erected over the poet’s head so that Alexander Sergeyevich could see the couple slender legs". In principle, when the sun of Russian poetry rolled across the road, the quatrain did not lose its relevance.

CHIEF ARCHITECT - FOR

As KP ​​was informed in the press service of the Moscow Committee for Architecture, the chief architect of the capital, Sergei Kuznetsov, supported the idea of ​​restoring the sculpture. After activists announced a campaign to bring the ballerina back, he stated that it would benefit the city.

The main thing is to weigh all the pros and cons,” Kuznetsov said. - But in general, I support this initiative.

WHAT ELSE CAN YOU RETURN

According to Moscow historian Pavel Gnilorybov, there are many architectural elements that should be restored.

Since we are talking about Stalinist architecture, then, for example, on Goncharnaya, 14 there are statues whose arms are already falling off and fittings are sticking out, - a Moscow expert told KP. - It looks sad. I would also like to return the athletic youths in the arch at the entrance to the Teatralnaya metro station (when we walk along Dmitrovka - next to the Bolshoi Theater). There are two niches there. There were also good sculptures of a young man and a girl at house number 4 - and also on Tverskaya. The house looks bare without them.

Caryatid - statue,
replacing the column.

Portico of the Careatids. athenian acropolis

Classic period (5th century BC - mid-4th century BC)
Almost all the buildings in this period are of the Doric style, at first heavy and not very elegant, but then becoming lighter, bolder and more beautiful. Of the temples of this era, located in Greece itself, one can point to the temple of Hera at Olympia, the temple of Zeus in Athens. The Doric style, continuing to be dominant, becomes lighter in its forms and bolder in their combination, while the Ionic style comes into greater and greater use, and, finally, gradually receives the right of citizenship and the Corinthian style. In their own Greece, the temples become more noble and harmonious, both in their general character and in proportion. separate parts; in the colonies of Asia Minor, architects take care of the luxury of material, forms and decorations; Instead of limestone and sandstone, marble is used for buildings, which is available for finer processing and therefore contributes to greater delicacy and elegance. ornamentation.

Venus de Milo

Appalon Belvedere

Goddess of the hunt - Artemis

Caryatid- a statue of a dressed woman, introduced by ancient Greek architecture to support the entablature and, therefore, replacing a column or pilaster.

ATLANTS AND CARYATIDS OF PETERSBURG
Caryatid- a sculptural image of a female figure, replacing a column or pilaster, designed to support an entablature or roof vault. The origin of the term is associated with the myth of the Greco-Persian wars, which says that the entire male population of the Peloponnesian city of Karius was killed, and the female was taken into slavery. Therefore, the marble caryatid, carrying an unbearable burden on its shoulders, became a symbol of slavery and a reminder of the punishment of the Carians.
It is customary to consider the term "caryatid" as a collective name, however, in architecture at the same time, the name canefor is used - female sculpture with a basket of fruits or flowers on his head. It depicts an ancient Greek maiden with sacrificial gifts, who took part in the festivities in honor of the goddess Artemis, Demeter-Ceres, Dionysus-Bacchus.

In ancient architecture, sculptural images of men were also used - Atlanteans (Ancient Greece) and telamones ( Ancient Rome). The statues personified the mythological titans supporting vault of heaven and as punishment for fighting the Olympian gods turned to stone.
The first extant caryatids adorned the six-columned portico of the Erechtheion in the Athenian Acropolis, also known as the ancient caryatids of the chapel of the nymph Pandrosa.
IN different centuries interest in the use of atlantes in the decorative finishing of buildings faded away, then revived again. However, sculptural images can be found invariably in almost all architectural styles and currents, which is clearly seen in the example of the architectural monuments of St. Petersburg.

Baroque
One of the most clear examples this period can be considered the use of caryatids and atlases in the design of external decoration Catherine Palace, built in 1751 - 1756 by architect F.-B. Rastrelli. Sculptural compositions adorn central part main facade. The first floor is decorated with figures of Atlanteans, and the windows of the second floor are framed with sculptures of caryatids, which emphasizes the splendor and splendor of baroque forms.

Classicism
The figures of the Atlanteans are found on the northern facade of the Engineering (Mikhailovsky) Castle, built in 1797-1801 according to the project of the architect V.I. Bazhenov. Traditionally they are called telamones. The facade is crowned with a high attic with a balustrade, which is supported by six figures of Atlanteans.

Empire
Unusual decision found by the architect A.D. Zakharov during the construction of the Main Admiralty (1806-1823). Caryatids appeared before the viewer in the form of "nymphs carrying the celestial sphere." Two groups of sculptures symmetrically frame the entrance arch of the central tower of the Admiralty.

Neo-Renaissance
House of the headquarters captain I.V. Pashkov (Liteiny pr., 39), built in 1841-1844 according to the project of the architect G.A. Bosse, is famous for the four caryatids at the main entrance. The female figures are mounted on rectangular columns and support an open balcony on the second floor.

neo-baroque
In the design of the facades of the palace of the princes Beloselsky-Belozersky, built in 1846-1848 according to the project of the architect A.I.Shtakenshneider, the waist statues of Atlanteans play a dominant role. Sixteen figures complete the porticoes of the columns and pilasters of the Corinthian order, while the facade with six atlantes overlooks the Fontanka embankment, with eight atlantes on Nevsky Prospekt, and two more statues look at the Anichkov Bridge.

Eclecticism
The Ratkov-Rozhnov House (1884, architect M.F. Peterson, P.Yu. Syuzor), overlooking the embankment of the Griboedov Canal, was rebuilt to create the “Passage”. Thanks to this, its facade received a magnificent decoration. Attention is drawn to the double caryatids supporting the bay window, symmetrically installed above the side balconies. Half-naked female figures, looking at each other, are a laconic continuation of the stucco brackets.

Modern
When building his own apartment building (1908-1909), the technician V.S. Shorokhov settled on a rather modest but original set of decorative elements on the facade. The main entrance is decorated with a small bas-relief and two images of a vase. The rest of the decor is represented by four winged caryatids at the level of the fifth floor.

Neoclassicism
The cooperative house of the 3rd Petrograd Association of Apartment Owners, located on Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt 73-75, was built in 1913-1914. under the guidance of two architects: I.I. Yakovlev and A.I. Zazersky. The building stands out for its neoclassical forms, as well as the front court-court d'honneur. The corners of the facades are completed by two pairs of caryatids placed opposite each other - draped female statues, propping up the balcony ledges with their heads.

Stalinist Empire
In the era of the Stalinist Empire (Stalinist neoclassicism), caryatids were rarely used and sometimes took unusual shape. One of the most striking examples is the residential buildings of the Steel-Rolling and Wire-Rope Plant at 87-89 Bolshoi Prospekt of Vasilyevsky Island, built in 1950 according to the design of the architect I.M. Chaiko. The entrance to the courtyard is framed by two porticos of pylons crowned with figures of mythical animals. The sculptures are a hybrid of a pegasus and a hippocampus sea horse.

Regardless of the style, caryatids and atlantes are means of expression decoration exteriors of buildings, columns, arches, influencing the perception of the integrity of the architectural ensemble.